1. What is Software?

Software is a set of instructions, data, or programs used to operate computers and execute specific tasks. It's the non-physical part of a computer system, in contrast to hardware, which is the physical components. Think of it as the "brain" or the instructions that tell the hardware what to do. Software can be divided into two main categories: system software, such as operating systems that manage the computer's resources, and application software, which are programs like word processors, web browsers, or video games that perform a specific task for the user.

2. McCall's Quality Factors

McCall's Quality Factors are a set of three broad categories used to evaluate the quality of a software product. They focus on how a user might see the quality of a system. The three main categories are:

• Product Operation: These factors relate to how the software works in its daily operation. This includes things like correctness (does it do what it's supposed to?), reliability (does it work without failing?), efficiency (does it use resources well?), integrity (is it secure?), and usability (is it easy to use?).
• Product Revision: These factors deal with how easy it is to change the software. This includes maintainability (is it easy to fix?), flexibility (is it easy to adapt to new requirements?), and testability (is it easy to test?).
• Product Transition: These factors focus on how easy it is to move the software to different environments. This includes portability (can it run on different platforms?), reusability (can parts of it be used in other applications?), and interoperability (can it work with other systems?).

3. Define Software Engineering

Software Engineering is a systematic, disciplined, and quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software. It's the application of engineering principles to software development to create high-quality, reliable, and cost-effective software. Unlike simple programming, which can be an informal activity, software engineering involves a structured process that includes requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. It's all about building a robust product that is delivered on time and within budget.

4. What is Black Box Testing?

Black Box Testing is a software testing method that examines the functionality of an application without looking at its internal code structure or implementation. The tester only interacts with the software's user interface and provides inputs to check if the outputs are as expected. Think of it like testing a new gadget without knowing its internal circuits—you just check if the buttons work and if the screen shows the right information. This type of testing is used to verify that a program meets the requirements and specifications, and it's typically performed by testers who are not involved in the development of the code.

5. Define SDLC

SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle. It's a structured process that outlines all the phases involved in the development of a software product. The goal of SDLC is to produce high-quality software that meets customer requirements and is delivered within a specific time and budget. While the specific phases can vary, a typical SDLC includes:

1. Requirements Analysis: Understanding what the user wants.
2. Design: Planning the architecture of the software.
3. Implementation: Writing the code.